Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is one of the most popular enhanced oil recovery technologies. Improved steam assisted gravity drainage sagd performance with solvent as steam additive. First, sagp process strictly control the injection of noncondensable gas, it is commonly less than 2 mol%. Microfluidic analysis of porescale petroleum recovery in. Gravityassisted drainage imaging in the assessment of. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is an enhanced oil recovery technology for producing heavy crude oil and bitumen. Numerical simulation study on steamassisted gravity. This onepage fact sheet provides a quick overview of the steam assisted gravity drainage process sagd and some statistics on the use of sagd in alberta. Sagd steamassisted gravity drainage oil extraction.
The gas assisted gravity drainage gagd process was developed rao et al. Sagd processes and provides a preliminary economic analysis of. The pair of highangle wells is drilled with a vertical separation of about 5 m 16 ft. However, the economics of this process are highly sensitive to the efficiency of steam creation, delivery, and use, with a successful and unsuccessful sagd well pair often separated by how effectively thermal. Several authors have tried to model this process using analytical, semianalytical and fully numerical means. An experimental study of single wellsteam assisted gravity. It is widely used in alberta, canada for recovery of heavy oil and tar sand resources. Tractor conveyance of ranging technology to ensure proper construction of paired horizontal wells for sagd recovery in heavy oil sands. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd ide technologies. On the evaluation of steam assisted gravity drainage in naturally fractured oil reservoirs seyed morteza tohidi hosseini a, shayan esfahani a, mehran hashemi doulatabadi a, abdolhossein hemmati sarapardeh a, amir h. The greater uniformity provides greater predictability of the temperature distribution. Gravity drainage eor methods have been applied to dipping and reef type reservoirs in the field projects and reported to yield high incremental oil recoveries. Assisted gravity drainage gagd is considered to be one of the most efficient methods for most reservoir conditions, especially reefs and dipping reservoirs.
Some basic calculations for sagd steam assisted gravity. The formation of a steam chamber and heat transfer to the bitumen allows gravity drainage and production. Steam assisted gravity drainage altus intervention. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd sagd is one technology that is changing the oil sands industry, but requires a continuous and growing supply of highquality water for steam production. However, in this type of fcd design, unlike to other applications of fcd, both heat and. Sagd has evolved and grown with over 1200 sagd well pairs currently producing. Handbook steamassisted gravity drainage water analysis. This definition appears somewhat frequently and is found in the following acronym finder categories.
Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd is a techniquethat has been developedto ef. Spe 4203 foam assisted gas oil gravity drainage in. Monitoring steamassisted gravity drainage sagd with eit. Installation and testing, instructions for operation, maintenance and use. N scaled physical model experiments to characterize the gas assisted gravity drainage eor process, paper spe 1424, presented at the 2008 spedoe improved oil recovery. A new approach to the modelling of steamassisted gravity. There is presently a lack of understanding concerning the. Our clients consistently realize the full technical and financial potential of existing assets and capital projects the detailed analysis provided by solomons thermal oilsands operations performance analysis can help you uncover key areas of underperformance in your operations. Analytical modeling of the forced gravity drainage gagd. Pdf insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity. Gravity force is always present in the reservoir, but its effect is greater in thick gascondensate reservoirs and in. Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage with. Steam assisted gravity drainage facts and stats open.
However, the economics of this process are highly sensitive to the efficiency of steam creation, delivery, and use, with a successful and unsuccessful sagd well pair often separated by how effectively. The steam assisted gravity drainage sagd process involves the injection of steam through a horizontal well and the production of heavy oil through a lower horizontal well. This method involves forcing steam into subsurface oil sands deposits to heat the bitumen locked in the sand, allowing it to flow well enough to be extracted. The displacement or the oil is systematic and high recoveries can be obtained. Mamora steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is used widely as a.
Some basic calculations for sagd steam assisted gravity drainage. Because it does not flow like conventional crude oil, it must be mined or heated underground before it. Enhanced steam assisted gravity drainage esagd as indicated in its name, this is an enhanced sagd. High pressure steam is continuously injected into the upper wellbore to heat the oil and reduce its viscosity, causing. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is an advanced form of steam stimulation, or an enhanced oil recovery technology.
Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage with chemical and solvent additives mira kim masters of applied science graduate department of mechanical and industrial engineering university of toronto 2017 the introduction of steamassistedgravity drainage sagd brought a significant. Request pdf solventaided steamassisted gravity drainage in thin oil sand reservoirs about onequarter of the 1. The thai technology offers a number of advantages over the current steamassisted gravity drainage system for heavy oil recovery, including 70 to 80 percent higher potential resource recovery, lower production and capital costs, minimal usage of natural gas and fresh water, the possibility of a partially upgraded crude oil product and significantly lower greenhouse emissions. In this study, the co2 assisted gravity drainage eor method is investigated in the. Expandingsolvent steam assisted gravity drainage essagd is an in situ steam solvent recovery process to produce heavy oil and bitumen from oil sands reservoirs 214. In this study, the co2assisted gravity drainage eor method is investigated in the. Steam assisted gravity drainage or sagd is a method that is widely used to extract bitumen from underground oil sands deposits. Jun 09, 2015 the greater uniformity provides greater predictability of the temperature distribution.
Mathematical modeling of steam assisted gravity drainage. Multithermal fluid assisted gravity drainage process. Monitoring steamassisted gravity drainage sagd with eit herve gagnon1, alistair boyle1, michal okoniewski2, andy adler1 1carleton university, ottawa, canada 2acceleware ltd. This method requires the generation of substantial quantities of steam, which is injected into a horizontal injection well parallel to and above a paired. Sagd stands for steamassisted gravity drainage oil extraction process suggest new definition. Steam injection 8,9, insitu combustion and steam assisted gravity drainage sagd 10e12. Gravity force is always present in the reservoir, but its effect is greater in thick gascondensate reservoirs and in shallow, highly permeable, steeply dipping reservoirs. N scaled physical model experiments to characterize the gasassisted gravity drainage eor process, paper spe 1424, presented at the 2008 spedoe improved oil recovery. The difference is that in steam assisted gravity drainage it is only the oil close to the perimeter of the steam chamber which is mobile whereas in the drainage of conventional petroleum under conditions of.
Canadian association of petroleum producers 7,957 views. Evaluation and optimization of gas assisted gravity drainage. Nov 15, 2011 steam assisted gravity drainage sagd how it works. The upper injection well is used to inject steam into the deposit while the lower one production well collects the bitumen which drains. Gravity drainage system article about gravity drainage. Recent availability of post steam core, residual saturation tool rst data, temperature data and 4d. Horizontal wells and steamassisted gravity drainage butler. Evaluation and optimization of gas assisted gravity. The steamassisted gravity drainage sagd project is producing around 25,0000 barrels per day, although the company said it will not push the pace of new production given low oil prices. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is an outstanding example of a steam injection process devised for a specific type of heavy oil reservoir utilizing horizontal wells.
Design of flow control devices in steamassisted gravity. It makes limited provision for pipework conveying trade effluent and for fluids removed by pumps. As a result, a tagd pattern may be more easily optimized for a particular set of reservoir conditions than a pattern for a recovery process based on convective heating, for example steam assisted gravity drainage sagd or cyclic steam stimulation css. In essagd, steam and solvent are injected into the depletion chamber within the reservoir. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd has become a primary commercial insitu recovery method for oil sands in alberta, canada. Stimulation css, horizontal well cyclic steam stimulation hcs. The new eor technique mfagd, multithermal fluid assisted gravity drainage for thick heavy oil reservoir proposed in this study is also different with the steam alternativegaspush sagp process. Commercialization of the steamassisted gravity drainage sagd process has made recovery of heavy oilbitumen possible in a number of reservoirs hindered by hydrocarbon immobility. Gravity drainage article about gravity drainage by the. Industrial field studies have found that the initial water mobility in oil sands has an impact on the sagd process.
Heavy oil, enhanced oil recovery a thermal production method for heavy oil that pairs a highangle injection well with a nearby production well drilled along a parallel trajectory. Alberta is recognized by its vast oil sands reserves. Field investigations and laboratory studies have confirmed that high oil recovery can be achieved in reefs and dipping reservoirs by implementing gagd process 1. Investigation of initial water mobility on steamassisted. Pdf steamassisted gravity drainage optimization for. However, no experimental research has been conducted to investigate such effects on sagd performance. In the steamassisted gravity drainage sagd process, heated oil drains from around growing steam chambers, driven by gravity, to lower horizontal wells. The procedure utilizes a pair of parallel horizontal wells, one at the bottom of the formation. Gravity drainage article about gravity drainage by the free. The applications of established thermal processes, such as sagd, are commonly required to achieve economic hydrocarbon recovery.
Horizontal wells and steam assisted gravity drainage. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd was a young science when commercial operations started up in the early 1990s. Sagd involves drilling a pair of 1 km long horizontal wells, one about 5 m above the other, from a. Steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is an insitu method of extracting bitumen and involves the injection of steam into the oil sands reservoir through a horizontal well pair. Published on august 12, 2016 august 12, 2016 64 likes 7 comments. Nuclearintegrated oil sands recovery via steamassisted gravity. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd is a drilling technique that is used to extract heavy oil that is too. Pdf cyberphysics system cps engineering brings new revolutionary opportunities for. Bitumen recovery by steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is done by injecting steam into the formation to reduce bitumen viscosity. Pdf mathematical modeling of steam assisted gravity. The new eor technique mfagd, multithermal fluid assisted gravity drainage for thick heavy oil reservoir proposed in this study is also different with the steamalternativegaspush sagp process. On the evaluation of steam assisted gravity drainage in.
Common problems in sagd wells include inadequate fluid production control in the completion, which leads to uneven steam conformance, lower sweep and thermal efficiencies along some sections of the lateral, adverse heeltotoe effects, and the risk of live steam entering the pro. As the oil drains, the steam chamber advances into the reservoir. Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage with chemical and solvent additives mira kim masters of applied science graduate department of mechanical and industrial engineering university of toronto 2017 the introduction of steam assisted gravity drainage sagd brought a significant. All drawings in this standard are given as examples and are not intended to exclude any other system configuration. Mar 23, 2017 steam assisted gravity drainage sagd is an advanced form of steam stimulation, or an enhanced oil recovery technology. For a typical 16 hectare well spacing, the pressure drawdown is as small as one. Root cause analysis can then be used to identify appropriate methods of reducing costs and maximizing production. Controlling postcompletion flow in steamassisted gravity.
In the steam assisted gravity drainage sagd process, heated oil drains from around growing steam chambers, driven by gravity, to lower horizontal wells. Thermally assisted gravity drainage tagd athabasca oil. En 120565 gravity drainage systems inside buildings part 5. Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage with chemical and solvent additives. Sagd is an enhanced oil recovery technology for producing heavy crude oil and bitumen. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd is a thermal in situ heavy oil recovery process that was originally developed by butler 1991. Influence of geomechanical processes on absolute permeability. Solventaided steamassisted gravity drainage in thin oil.
This technology is particularly relevant in canada because it is the primary method of in situ extraction. It is an advanced form of steam stimulation in which a pair of horizontal wells are drilled into the oil reservoir, one a few metres above the other. Considerations related to a surface steam release incident, athabasca oil sands area, northeastern alberta. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd has become a primary commercial insitu recovery method for oil sands in alberta, canada. Butler proposed to use steam injection, coupled with horizontal well technology, to assist the movement of oil to a production well by means of gravitational forces.
A t 12 max between 10 and 20 minutes is considered equivocal. The steam assisted gravity drainage sagd project is producing around 25,0000 barrels per day, although the company said it will not push the pace of new production given low oil prices. Insitu visualization of steam assisted gravity drainage. The least common primary recovery mechanism in which the force of gravity pushes hydrocarbons out of the reservoir, into the wellbore and up to surface. Tags sagd bitumen oil sands steam assisted gravity drainage. The gad image is a single, static image obtained after positioning the child in the upright position for five minutes to promote additional drainage of tracer from the collecting system. Steam assisted gravity drainage new perspectives on. The steamassisted gravity drainage sagd process involves the injection of steam through a horizontal well and the production of heavy oil through a lower horizontal well. The process involves drilling of a pair of wells in the oilsands formation. It is utilizing a major process automation system designed to improve.
Steam assisted gravity drainage process in alberta, 80 per cent 5 billion barrels of the oil sands are buried too deep below the surface for open pit mining and can only be accessed through insitu methods such as steam assisted gravity drainage sagd. Note that creation of foam films increases the apparent viscosity of gas. Foam assisted gasoil gravity drainage fagogd in this case foam is generated in the fracture but destroyed in the matrix and therefore due to foam flow a viscous pressure drop is induced along the fracture. It is an advanced form of steam stimulation in which a pair of horizontal wells is drilled into the oil reservoir, one a few metres above the other. First, sagp process strictly control the injection of noncondensable gas, it is commonly less than 2. Improved modeling of the steamassisted gravity drainage. Steamassisted gravity drainage sagd is a promising approach for recovering heavy and viscous oil resources. An experimental study of single wellsteam assisted. Horizontal wells and steamassisted gravity drainage. The process and the theory differ from those described in the literature for the production of conventional oils by gravity drainage.
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